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CNC Machining for Aerospace

The extremely high level of precision needed within the aerospace industry makes CNC machining a suitable manufacturing process for the sector.

 

This article provides you with a complete guide to aerospace machining and its importance.

 

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CNC Machining eBook

If you want to produce high-quality machined parts with a sleek appearance, it’s essential to consider some critical factors related to CNC machining. 

 

Here, we’ve gathered some basic information and important considerations to help you achieve the desired results.

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  • Instant Quote for Sheet Metal Fabrication
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Custom Online CNC Milling Services

On-demand CNC milling services for rapid prototypes and production parts. High precision CNC milling up to 0.008 mm. Milled parts ready in as fast as 1 day. Get an instant CNC quote today.

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Online CNC Milling Services for Custom Parts

From 3-axis basics to intricate 5-axis projects, our precision CNC milling makes your designs come alive with unmatched accuracy and craftsmanship.
3-Axis CNC Milling Services

3-Axis CNC Milling

With 3-axis CNC milling, precision meets affordability.  It’s your go-to for simple parts that still demand accuracy.

4-Axis CNC Milling services

4-Axis CNC Milling

Think of a design, and 4-axis milling can probably make it. Multi-sided machining just got a whole lot simpler.

5-Axis CNC Milling services

5-Axis CNC Milling

For those complex and intricate parts, 5-axis milling is the master key. Bring your most ambitious designs to life.

RapidDirect
CNC Machining Solutions

Low and High-Volume Production

Whether you need small batches or large-scale production, we can offer you both. With stringent tolerance controls and comprehensive capabilities, we adapt to your volume requirements without compromising on quality.

CNC Milling Materials

At RapidDirect, our plastic and metal CNC milling solutions offer a diverse range of materials, ensuring precision and durability. This vast selection empowers our clients with optimal choices for their unique projects, boosting their product’s quality and performance.

CNC Milling Surface Finishes

Gain access to quality surface finishing for custom CNC milled parts to remove aesthetic flaws and improve the appearance of your products. We also provide rigid protection and additional resistance and strength to your parts through superior surface finishes.

As machined finish leaves the surface straight from the CNC machine, providing a cost-effective option with tool marks.
Anodizing increases corrosion resistance and wear properties, while allowing for color dyeing, ideal for aluminum parts.

Polishing

Ra0.2 (Mirror polish)
Polishing achieves a high gloss finish, reducing surface roughness and enhancing the aesthetic appeal of metals.
Sand blasting uses pressurized sand or other media to clean and texture the surface, creating a uniform, matte finish.
Tumbling smooths and polishes small parts by friction and abrasion in a barrel, offering a consistent but slightly textured finish.
Electropolish is a chemical process that smooths and brightens surfaces while improving corrosion resistance.
Alodine coating provides corrosion protection and improves paint adhesion, mainly used on aluminum surfaces.
Heat treatment alters the mechanical properties of metal to increase its hardness, strength, or ductility.
A brushed finish creates a unidirectional satin texture, reducing the visibility of marks and scratches on the surface.
Powder coating applies a thick, wear-resistant layer with excellent color and texture options, suitable for a variety of surfaces.
Electroplating bonds a thin metal layer onto parts, improving wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and surface conductivity.
Black oxidize is a conversion coating for ferrous metals that improves corrosion resistance and minimizes light reflection.

Tolerances for
CNC Milling

RapidDirect ensures precision with our CNC Milling Tolerance standards. We commit to exact measurements, benefiting clients with consistent, high-quality results, optimized for search visibility. Our standard tolerances for CNC milled metals are ISO 2768-m and ISO 2768-c for plastics.

3-Axis4-Axis5-Axis
Maximum Part Size1000 x 500 x 500 mm1000 x 500 x 500 mm4000×1500×600 mm
Minimum Part Size5 x 5 x 5 mm5 x 5 x 5 mm5 x 5 x 5 mm
General Tolerances±0.1 mm±0.05 mm±0.1 mm
Lead TimeDelivery of simple parts can be as fast as 1 day.5 bussiness days for most projects.5 bussiness days for most projects.

CNC Milling
Design Guidelines

Recommended Size
RadiiInternal radii should be at least 1/3 of the cavity depth. Use larger radii whenever possible.
Threads and Tapped HolesDiameter Φ 1.5-5 mm, depth: 3 times the diameter.
Diameter Φ 5 mm or larger, depth: 4-6 times the diameter.
RapidDirect can produce threads of any specification and size as required by the customer.
Minumum Wall ThicknessFor metals: 0.8 mm; For plastics: 1.5 mm. Thicker walls ensure better structural integrity.
TextCNC Milling: Minimum width of 0.5 mm and depth of 0.1 mm.
RapidDirect can create standard text via CNC engraving or laser engraving as per customer requirements.
HolesMinimum diameter of 1 mm. Hole depth should not exceed 4 times the diameter for best results.
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Start Your
CNC Machining Project

Start your project with our easy-to-use platform for CNC parts online quoting. Upload a CAD file to receive instant quotes, lead times, and DFM details for your CNC components. Specializing in CNC machining for metals and plastics, we offer adaptive production and shipping solutions to align with your product development needs.

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Why
Choose Us

With RapidDirect’s CNC milling service online, you’re investing in more than just machinery. You get the promise of impeccable precision, adherence to tight schedules, and the support of seasoned professionals for all your custom CNC milling needs.
/01
High Quality
Parts

Experience unparalleled precision in each undertaking. Our advanced milling processes ensure components adhere to tight tolerances, as tight as ±0.01mm, resulting in seamless assembly and operational excellence.

/02
Fast Lead
Time

Accelerate your manufacturing cycle. RapidDirect domestic workshops and state-of-the-art machinery guarantee fast turnaround times, helping businesses maintain momentum and meet critical deadlines.

/03
Engineering
Support

No matter you whenever and whereever, navigate your CNC milling projects with confidence. Our seasoned specialists offer insightful guidance at every step, maximizing design optimization and output quality.

How CNC Milling Works?

CNC milling is a precise manufacturing process that involves removing material from a workpiece using rotating cutting tools. The process begins with a digital design, typically created in CAD software. This design is then converted into a CNC program, which dictates the movements of the milling machine.

The workpiece is securely fastened to the machine’s table, and the cutting tool, mounted on a spindle, rotates at high speeds. The machine follows the programmed path, making precise cuts to shape the material into the desired form. CNC milling can create complex shapes and features, such as slots, holes, and contours, with high accuracy.

Three-axis milling moves the tool along the X, Y, and Z axes. Four-axis milling adds rotation around one axis, while five-axis milling allows rotation around two axes, enabling more intricate designs. This versatility makes CNC milling essential in various industries, from aerospace to medical devices.

cnc-milling-process-diagram
Advantages

Advantages of CNC Milling

CNC milling offers numerous advantages for manufacturing:

  • High Precision: CNC milling machines can produce parts with very tight tolerances, ensuring high accuracy and consistency in every piece.
  • Complex Geometries: With the ability to move in multiple axes, CNC milling can create intricate and complex shapes that are difficult or impossible to achieve with manual machining.
  • Efficiency: Automated operation allows for continuous production, reducing lead times and increasing productivity. Multiple parts can be produced with minimal downtime.
  • Flexibility: CNC milling can work with a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, and composites. This versatility makes it suitable for various applications.
  • Repeatability: Once a design is programmed, the machine can reproduce identical parts over and over, ensuring uniformity and reducing the risk of human error.
  • Cost-Effective: While the initial setup can be expensive, the efficiency and precision of CNC milling reduce overall production costs, especially for large quantities.
  • Safety: CNC machines operate with minimal human intervention, reducing the risk of accidents and enhancing workplace safety.
Applications

Applications of CNC Milling

CNC milling is widely used to produce a variety of precision parts and components:

  • Engine Components: Used in the manufacturing of engine blocks, cylinder heads, and pistons, ensuring high performance and durability in automotive and aerospace industries.
  • Gear Components: Essential for producing gears, splines, and shafts with tight tolerances, used in machinery and automotive applications.
  • Medical Implants: Creates precise and high-quality implants such as hip joints, dental implants, and surgical screws for the medical field.
  • Electronic Housings: Produces enclosures for electronic devices, ensuring proper fit and protection for circuit boards and components.
  • Custom Prototypes: Allows for the rapid development and testing of prototypes, helping designers refine their products before mass production.
  • Tooling and Dies: Essential for creating molds, dies, and cutting tools used in various manufacturing processes.
  • Complex Aerospace Parts: Used for producing turbine blades, brackets, and other intricate parts that require high precision and strength.

FAQs

At RapidDirect, we have a variety of CNC milling machines to meet diverse manufacturing needs. Our inventory includes 3-axis, 4-axis, and 5-axis CNC milling machines.

The 3-axis machines are perfect for simple operations, handling basic cutting tasks along the X, Y, and Z axes.

Our 4-axis machines add an extra rotational axis, allowing for more complex geometries and more efficient production of parts with features that require continuous machining around a fourth axis.

Finally, our advanced 5-axis CNC milling machines offer the highest level of precision and versatility, enabling the creation of intricate parts with complex shapes and angles.

These machines are capable of machining in five different axes simultaneously, reducing the need for multiple setups and ensuring exceptional accuracy and quality in every component we produce.

RapidDirect offers comprehensive CNC milling capabilities tailored to various industry needs. We can machine parts with maximum dimensions of 4000 x 1500 x 600 mm and minimum dimensions of 5 x 5 x 5 mm, accommodating a wide range of project sizes. Our milling machines can work with various materials, including metals, plastics, and composites. We achieve tight tolerances, typically ±0.01 mm for 5-axis milling, ensuring precision and consistency. Our lead times are competitive, ranging from 3-7 days for simpler 3-axis tasks to 7-14 days for more complex 5-axis projects. We also provide additional services such as surface finishing, heat treatment, and quality inspection to ensure that every part meets the highest standards of quality and performance.

CNC milling and CNC turning are both subtractive manufacturing processes, but they differ in how the material is removed.

In CNC milling, the workpiece is stationary, and the cutting tool moves across multiple axes to remove material and create the desired shape. This process is ideal for complex parts with various features such as slots, holes, and contours.

On the other hand, CNC turning involves rotating the workpiece while a stationary cutting tool removes material. This method is best suited for producing cylindrical parts, such as shafts, rings, and bolts. While milling can handle more complex geometries, turning is typically faster and more efficient for producing round parts.

CNC milling and CNC routing both involve cutting materials using computer-controlled machines, but they serve different purposes.

CNC milling machines are designed for precision work with metals, requiring high rigidity and the ability to handle significant cutting forces. They are used for producing intricate and complex parts with tight tolerances.

CNC routers, however, are typically used for softer materials like wood, plastics, and composites. They operate at higher speeds and are ideal for cutting larger sheets into parts with less emphasis on precision. Routers often feature a gantry-style design, allowing for quick and efficient handling of large workpieces, while milling machines focus on detailed, accurate machining.

When a 3D model or drawing does not specify a particular fillet size, standard practice is to add fillets with a radius that balances strength and machinability.

Typically, fillets with a radius of 1/3 to 1/5 of the cavity depth are added. For general purposes, a fillet radius of around 1 mm to 3 mm is commonly used. This size helps to reduce stress concentrations and improve the overall durability of the part.

However, the exact size can vary based on the material being used and the specific requirements of the part. Larger fillets are often preferred for softer materials, while smaller fillets may be used for harder materials to ensure structural integrity without compromising precision.

Vertical CNC milling machines, with their vertically oriented spindles, are ideal for precision work on smaller components, offering excellent visibility and versatility for tasks like drilling and boring. Horizontal CNC milling machines, featuring horizontally oriented spindles, excel in handling larger, heavier workpieces and provide enhanced stability and efficient chip removal. For projects requiring extensive material removal and high durability, horizontal milling is preferred. In contrast, vertical milling is best for intricate, detailed work. Choosing between these types depends on your specific CNC milling services needs, whether for precision or bulk machining.
In CNC milling, tool offset refers to the adjustment made to account for the tool’s dimensions—specifically its length and diameter—during the machining process. These offsets ensure that the cutting tool operates with precision relative to the workpiece. By accurately setting tool offsets, a machinist can determine the correct starting point for machining, ensuring that the part is cut to the exact specifications required. Proper tool offsets are crucial for achieving accurate and consistent results in CNC milling operations.
5-axis CNC machining refers to a process where a CNC milling machine can move a cutting tool along five different axes, allowing for highly complex and precise machining. In this setup, the X, Y, and Z axes correspond to the basic linear movements found in a 3-axis machine. Additionally, the table can rotate around the A-axis, similar to a 4-axis machine. The key difference with a 5-axis machine is its ability to pivot the table or tool head around a fifth axis, the C-axis, enabling the tool to approach the workpiece from virtually any direction. This capability makes 5-axis CNC machines ideal for creating intricate parts with complex geometries, as it allows for machining multiple surfaces in a single setup.
CNC mills can work with a diverse range of materials. Metals frequently used include aluminum, brass, and steel, each offering different properties for various applications. Additionally, CNC milling is effective on various plastics such as ABS, acrylic, polycarbonate, and polypropylene, which are valued for their versatility and ease of machining. This variety of materials allows CNC mills to be employed in numerous industries, from aerospace to consumer products, making them a highly adaptable tool for manufacturing.
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